Purple Gallinule (Porphyrio martinica) Linnaeus, 1766

 

Synonyms: Porphyrula martinica, Porphyrio martinicus, American Purple Gallinule

 

 

Porphyrio martinica occurs in the Americas from the southeastern United States to northern Argentina and Uruguay, and in the Caribbean (Map); northern and southern populations are migratory. Vagrants reported on the West Coast of North America, in Canada, the Galapagos, Tierra del Fuego, Western Europe, and Africa. The species inhabits freshwater marshes, ponds and shallow lakes with emergent and floating vegetation; benefited from rice cultivation and lake eutrophication. Up to 4,080 m in the Andes during migration. A medium-sized rail, measuring 27-36 cm in length, weighing 200-300 g. In adults, head, neck and underparts are purple-blue, and upperparts green; red and yellow bill and blue-white frontal shield. In immature upperparts are bronze-brown, and underpants purple. Legs and feet are bright yellow in adults, and brown-yellowish in immatures. Monogamous. Nests are floating or attached to emergent vegetation, up to 80 cm above water. Clutch 4-6 eggs; incubation 18-22 days; chicks are semi-precocial. More than one brood in the tropics. Both sexes incubate, brood and feed the young. Juveniles of the first brood and related immatures often feed chicks of the second brood. Purple Gallinules feeds on seeds, leaves and fruits of aquatic and terrestrial plants, including graminoids, aquatic invertebrates, frogs, and small fish.

 

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